syntax-zpracované všechny přednášky
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o however, it doesn't form a complete sentence
8
o additional information necessary
After Amy sneezed al over the tuna salad (After = subordinate conjunction; Amy = subject; sneezed =
verb.) → what happened then? we need to know ← a dependent clause
Sentence
A sentence is a complete thought. (CZ ↔ both cal ed 'věta')
A sentence with one clause → simple sentence. "A simple sentence consists of a single independent
clause."
Stephen apologized at once
A compound sentence contains more than one clause.
Stephen realized his mistake and (he) apologized at once.
A complex sentence contains 1 main and 1 subordinate clause.
When he realized his mistake, Stephen apologized at once.
Can take fol owing forms:
a statement "The shops close/don t close at 7 tonight."
a question "Do the shops close at 7 tonight?"
a command "Shut the door!"
an exclamation "What a slow tram this is!"
Finite verb?
must have a subject (may be hidden)
He makes. They arrived. We know.
must have a tense
He has finished. She wil write. They succeeded.
"So, for example, he writes, she wrote and he has written are finite, but
written, by itself, is not."
"Made is finite if used in the past tense and if it
has a subject (He made this for me), but it is not if it is used as a past
participle without an auxiliary (made in Germany)."
A phrase?
A group of words which can be a part of a sentence
a noun phrase
a tube of toothpaste
a prepositional phrase (or adverbial) phrase