Angličtina Šimek komplet
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4. Actionable cases in negligence (žalovatelné případy ohledně nedbalosti)
in the past: only for personal injury and damage to property
at present: financial loss connected to personal injury; mental distress cause by
accident (even a third party witnessing an accident) – if you are involved in accident and
you’re not injured physically you can sue for mental injury
insurance premium – pojistné jištění
first aid = emergency aid – první pomoc
actionable cases – žalovatelné případy
TRUST – svěřenectví, správa cizího majetku
Definition + a common example
A trust is an agreement whereby property is held and controlled by someone on behalf of
somebody else.
Example: When somebody dies and leaves property for grandchildren who are too young, the
property will be held in the name of trustees – the children’s parents.
Parties to trust
settlor – zakladatel svěřenectví
beneficiary – obmyšlený, ten kdo z toho má prospěch, ten komu je to věnováno
trustee – správce svěřenectví
Types of trusts
PRIVATE
o
express trust Intentionally created by someone with property to transfer.
Example: When somebody dies and leaves money to someone else.
o
implied trust – implicitní svěřenectvíThe law presumes that the settlor intended to create a trust even though he did
not expressly say so. In all of these cases, the person appointed to be trustee has
a choice whether or not to accept the appointment when the trust is created.
Example: when somebody gives you money and you use those money to buy him
a candy – když mi někdo dá peníze, abych mu koupil bonbónek
o
constructive trust by operation of law – svěřenectví ze zákona
The law imposes a trust and obliges the legal owner of property to consider the
beneficial interest of another person.
Example: When the seller of a house is obliged (čti oblájžd) to give a proportion