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1920: women got a right to vote
women became independent and determined (rozhodné)
women earned money because they went to work (women were encouraged to work during the WWI because
their men were in the war. After the war, there was a propaganda to prevent them from working)
women had their hair cut: flapper hairstyle (short hair with a hair band on a forehead with a feather)
women wore no corsets and their dresses got shorter (they went to work and they had to move freely)
women also started wearing trousers
high heels got shorter for practical purposes
the topic of sexuality wasn’t taboo any more
CLOTHES INDUSTRY
cheap, good-looking clothes from cheap materials that can be changed more often
IMMIGRATION
more and more immigrants were attracted to America (those emigrants changed the structure of the US)
1924 – Johnson Act (= limitation of immigration)
for the first time, European immigration was limited
good immigrants from: India or northern Europe (Britain, Ireland, Norway)
bad immigrants from: Russia, Japan, China or southern Europe (Italy, Greece) or eastern Europe (Spain, Portugal)
there was a railway system built between Asian and America and Asian immigrants were expected
to go back to China and this restriction lasted beyond the 2nd WW
all immigrants wanted to reach NY but they weren’t allowed to get there before having been checked
(it took sometimes weeks)
they were placed on
Ellis Island in NY harbour = a huge station for immigrants
limitation of immigration:
➢
health conditions were checked (the immigrants had to be healthy to be able to work hard)
➢
if any relatives or friends were accepted, you could have entered the country (invitation letter)
➢
money to start up
➢
there was a quota for “bad immigrants” because America was supposed to stay clean (10 % of the Portuguese)
when they were accepted