syntax-zpracované všechny přednášky
Níže je uveden pouze náhled materiálu. Kliknutím na tlačítko 'Stáhnout soubor' stáhnete kompletní formátovaný materiál ve formátu PDF.
41
These old people are counting on being helped financial y. Oprep
I seem to remember doing/having done this exercise before. Oprep
Also non-finite subordinate clauses after prepositions
Before answering, think twice. (the Ss are the same in these examples)
He apologized for having been rude.
You can’t get wel without following the doctor’s advice.
He studied with the intention of becoming a doctor.
Who told you of John’s being there? ← Formal
Who told you of John being there? ← Informal
Excuse my being late. ← Formal
Excuse me being late. ← informal
If the gerund phrase is the S of the sentence, the possessive form is obligatory.
His understanding such a difficult task is fantastic.
Genitive form is preferred
After some verbs: mind, appreciate, avoid, consider, enjoy
Do you mind my smoking?
Accusative form preferred
This, these, that, those, some, any <- don’t have ‘s-forms
I don’t accept this being made public.
(plural) girls (possessive) girl’s (possessive plurals) girls’
In some cases it depends on which form is institutionalized
Only possessive
I don’t enjoy John’s/your teasing.
Both
Excuse me/my not writing to you.
Only accusative
What can we do to start him working.
I objected to Jeremy’s/Jeremy (his/him) receiving an invitation ->
His receiving (a N pre-modified by his; -> headword; <- nominal character) x him receiving (him is a
headword + PM; <- verbal character)
After vs while
After as prep or conjunction
While ONLY as conjunction
Having shopped all day, she was glad to get home.
After she had shopped…
After shopping…
After having shopped…
(al the previous forms express the same...)
Playing golf in the heat, he suffered a sunstroke.
While he was playing golf…