syntax-zpracované všechny přednášky
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Noun phrases
Pre-modification - HEAD (the most important element) - post-modification
(more in exercises)
Premodification
A determiners
B adjective
C -ing participle
D ed- participle
E noun
F adverbial
G genitive
H sentence
(more in exercises)
Postmodification
a relative pronoun
adverbial
b defining relative clause
c non-defining relative clause
non-finite clause:
d –ing participle
e –ed participle clause
f infinitive clause
g appositive clause
h prepositional phrase
The black (pre-modified by an ADJ and a determiner) dog (post-modified by ->) running
through the garden is nice.
Fire alarm, School garden, Garden school (e.g. N as a pre-modifier)
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Communicative Dynamism (CD)
“The amount of new info.”
Constructing a sentence from the viewpoint of the message (info) we want to convey. -> Even if the
message is written, the writer must ensure that the reader wil identify the highpoint and that the
message is complete. (cca taken from Quirk, page 1355 -> most info here is taken from Quirk :) or
Wiki)
What is a TONE UNIT? -> a stretch of speech containing one intonation nucleus <- each serves to
highlight a piece of info -> -> it’s coextensive (means (cca) “stejný rozsah”) with an INFORMATION
UNIT
REMEMBER -> STRESS = prominence -> (pitch, longer, louder, intonation...) <-comes in handy
Communicative Dynamism refers to the variation in communicative value as between different parts
of an utterance.
When shal we know what Mary is going to do?
The S, V, and adjunct (doplněk) in She wil decide next week are uttered with sequential y