syntax-zpracované všechny přednášky
Níže je uveden pouze náhled materiálu. Kliknutím na tlačítko 'Stáhnout soubor' stáhnete kompletní formátovaný materiál ve formátu PDF.
42
While playing golf…
TO-infinitive clauses
Kinds of infinitives
Active
Active (progressive)
Passive
General form
To offer
To be offering
To be offered
Perfect form
To have offered
To have been offering
To have been offered
Syntactic function of the infinitive
As a S - To be neutral in this conflict is out of the question.
As an O - He likes to relax. He likes what?
As s C(s) - (S) The best excuse (V) is (C ) to say that you have an exam tomorrow.
(V)
(O) finite clause
(S) (V) (O) (A)
As an Appositive - Your ambition, to become a farmer, requires a lot of energy.
As an ADJ complementation - I’m very eager to meet him.
Subject
We may also use introductory IT
To leave early would be impolite. → It would be impolite to leave early.
To play with him was great fun. → It was great fun to play with him.
To reach an agreement proved impossible. → It proved impossible to reach an agreement.
→ or → An agreement proved impossible to reach. (tough movement/O - S transposition)
To write for you journal is a pleasure. → It is a pleasure to write for your journal.
→ or → Your journal is pleasure to write for.
If a TO- infinitive clause has a S, we use FOR.
It was impossible FOR me to refuse.
It was difficult FOR him to pass the test. → or → The test was difficult for him to pass.
Object
A
The S of the main V is the S of the infinitive
He refused to cooperate.
S I V want O - NF cl. to buy a new coat.
V
O
I can’t decide whether to go or not. I don’t know what to choose.
B